Este artigo lista o SQL
SELECT sintaxe, conforme implementado por vários sistemas de gerenciamento de banco de dados (DBMSs). A sintaxe é listada exatamente como cada fornecedor a listou em seu site. Clique no link aplicável para ver mais detalhes sobre a sintaxe de um determinado fornecedor. Os SGBDs cobertos são MySQL, SQL Server, PostgreSQL e Banco de Dados Oracle.
MySQL
Do Manual de Referência do MySQL 5.7:
SELECT
[ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]
[HIGH_PRIORITY]
[MAX_STATEMENT_TIME = N]
[STRAIGHT_JOIN]
[SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT]
[SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
select_expr [, select_expr ...]
[FROM table_references
[PARTITION partition_list]
[WHERE where_condition]
[GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}
[ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
[HAVING where_condition]
[ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
[ASC | DESC], ...]
[LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
[PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)]
[INTO OUTFILE 'file_name'
[CHARACTER SET charset_name]
export_options
| INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
| INTO var_name [, var_name]]
[FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]] SQL Server
Da referência Transact-SQL:
<SELECT statement> ::=
[WITH <common_table_expression> [,...n]]
<query_expression>
[ ORDER BY { order_by_expression | column_position [ ASC | DESC ] }
[ ,...n ] ]
[ <FOR Clause>]
[ OPTION ( <query_hint> [ ,...n ] ) ]
<query_expression> ::=
{ <query_specification> | ( <query_expression> ) }
[ { UNION [ ALL ] | EXCEPT | INTERSECT }
<query_specification> | ( <query_expression> ) [...n ] ]
<query_specification> ::=
SELECT [ ALL | DISTINCT ]
[TOP ( expression ) [PERCENT] [ WITH TIES ] ]
< select_list >
[ INTO new_table ]
[ FROM { <table_source> } [ ,...n ] ]
[ WHERE <search_condition> ]
[ <GROUP BY> ]
[ HAVING < search_condition > ] PostgreSQL
Do Manual do PostgreSQL 9.5:
[ WITH [ RECURSIVE ] with_query [, ...] ]
SELECT [ ALL | DISTINCT [ ON ( expression [, ...] ) ] ]
[ * | expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...] ]
[ FROM from_item [, ...] ]
[ WHERE condition ]
[ GROUP BY grouping_element [, ...] ]
[ HAVING condition [, ...] ]
[ WINDOW window_name AS ( window_definition ) [, ...] ]
[ { UNION | INTERSECT | EXCEPT } [ ALL | DISTINCT ] select ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ ASC | DESC | USING operator ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, ...] ]
[ LIMIT { count | ALL } ]
[ OFFSET start [ ROW | ROWS ] ]
[ FETCH { FIRST | NEXT } [ count ] { ROW | ROWS } ONLY ]
[ FOR { UPDATE | NO KEY UPDATE | SHARE | KEY SHARE } [ OF table_name [, ...] ] [ NOWAIT | SKIP LOCKED ] [...] ]
where from_item can be one of:
[ ONLY ] table_name [ * ] [ [ AS ] alias [ ( column_alias [, ...] ) ] ]
[ TABLESAMPLE sampling_method ( argument [, ...] ) [ REPEATABLE ( seed ) ] ]
[ LATERAL ] ( select ) [ AS ] alias [ ( column_alias [, ...] ) ]
with_query_name [ [ AS ] alias [ ( column_alias [, ...] ) ] ]
[ LATERAL ] function_name ( [ argument [, ...] ] )
[ WITH ORDINALITY ] [ [ AS ] alias [ ( column_alias [, ...] ) ] ]
[ LATERAL ] function_name ( [ argument [, ...] ] ) [ AS ] alias ( column_definition [, ...] )
[ LATERAL ] function_name ( [ argument [, ...] ] ) AS ( column_definition [, ...] )
[ LATERAL ] ROWS FROM( function_name ( [ argument [, ...] ] ) [ AS ( column_definition [, ...] ) ] [, ...] )
[ WITH ORDINALITY ] [ [ AS ] alias [ ( column_alias [, ...] ) ] ]
from_item [ NATURAL ] join_type from_item [ ON join_condition | USING ( join_column [, ...] ) ]
and grouping_element can be one of:
( )
expression
( expression [, ...] )
ROLLUP ( { expression | ( expression [, ...] ) } [, ...] )
CUBE ( { expression | ( expression [, ...] ) } [, ...] )
GROUPING SETS ( grouping_element [, ...] )
and with_query is:
with_query_name [ ( column_name [, ...] ) ] AS ( select | values | insert | update | delete )
TABLE [ ONLY ] table_name [ * ] Banco de dados Oracle
Da documentação on-line do banco de dados Oracle 12c Versão 1 (12.1):
subquery [ for_update_clause ] ;
Aqui está uma visão geral das opções.
subconsulta::=
{ query_block
| subquery { UNION [ALL] | INTERSECT | MINUS } subquery
[ { UNION [ALL] | INTERSECT | MINUS } subquery ]...
| ( subquery )
} [ order_by_clause ] [ row_limiting_clause ] for_update_clause ::=
FOR UPDATE
[ OF [ [ schema. ] { table | view } . ] column
[, [ [ schema. ] { table | view } . ] column
]...
]
[ { NOWAIT | WAIT integer
| SKIP LOCKED
}
] Consulte a documentação oficial da Oracle para obter uma explicação das subcláusulas do componente.
Usando a GUI
A maioria das GUIs de DBMS fornece um "Construtor de consultas" ou similar para criar consultas complexas. Por exemplo, o SQL Server Management Studio tem o Query Designer que fornece essa funcionalidade.