Você pode usar um gatilho INSTEAD OF. Ele é acionado antes (substitui) a exclusão real, portanto, o registro vinculado em [um_dois] ainda deve existir.
create table [one] (one_id int not null primary key)
create table [two] (two_id int not null primary key)
create table [one_two] (one_id int, two_id int references two(two_id) on delete cascade)
GO
CREATE trigger t_del_two
on two
instead of delete
as
begin
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @Statement NVARCHAR(max)
SET @Statement = ''
SELECT @Statement = @Statement + N'EXEC [MyProc] ''' + CAST([one_two].[one_id] AS VARCHAR(36)) + '''; '
FROM deleted
JOIN [one_two] ON deleted.[two_id] = [one_two].[two_id]
PRINT (@Statement)
--EXEC (@Statement)
-- carry out the actual delete
DELETE TWO WHERE two_id in (SELECT two_id from deleted)
end
GO
Alguns valores de exemplo
insert into one select 1
insert into one select 2
insert into one select 3
insert into two select 11
insert into two select 12
insert into two select 13
insert into one_two select 1,11
insert into one_two select 1,13
insert into one_two select 2,13
Agora teste
delete two where two_id=13
