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MySQL:atualize todas as linhas em uma tabela que corresponda aos resultados de outra consulta

Usando subconsultas


Opção mais amplamente suportada 
UPDATE INVOICES
   SET s_id = (SELECT cs.s_id
                 FROM CUSTOMERS_AND_SALES cs
                WHERE cs.c_id = INVOICES.c_id),
       s_name = (SELECT cs.s_name
                   FROM CUSTOMERS_AND_SALES cs
                  WHERE cs.c_id = INVOICES.c_id)
 WHERE INVOICES.c_id IN (SELECT cs.s_id
                           FROM CUSTOMERS_AND_SALES cs)

Usando JOINs

UPDATE INVOICES
  JOIN CUSTOMERS_AND_SALES cs ON cs.c_id = INVOICES.c_id
   SET s_id = cs.s_id,
       s_name = cs.s_name