Acionador genérico para restringir inserções com base na contagem

• converter NEW dados em array;
• encontre o attnum da coluna e use-o como um índice para a matriz.

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION impose_maximum() RETURNS trigger AS $impose_maximum$
DECLARE
  _sql  text;
  _cnt  int8;
  _vals text[];
  _anum int4;
  _im   record;

BEGIN
 _vals := string_to_array(translate(trim(NEW::text), '()', ''), ',');

 FOR _im IN SELECT * FROM imposed_maximums WHERE table_name = TG_TABLE_NAME LOOP
  SELECT attnum INTO _anum FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a
    JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class t ON t.oid = a.attrelid
   WHERE t.relkind = 'r' AND t.relname = TG_TABLE_NAME
     AND NOT a.attisdropped AND a.attname = _im.column_group;

  _sql := 'SELECT count('||quote_ident(_im.column_count)||')'||
          ' FROM '||quote_ident(_im.table_name)||
          ' WHERE '||quote_ident(_im.column_group)||' = $1';

  EXECUTE _sql INTO _cnt USING _vals[_anum];

  IF _cnt > CAST(_im.max_size AS int8) THEN
    RAISE EXCEPTION 'Maximum of % hit for column % in table %(%=%)',
      _im.max_size, _im.column_count,
      _im.table_name, _im.column_group, _vals[_anum];
  END IF;
 END LOOP;

 RETURN NEW;
END; $impose_maximum$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;