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O operador `~` (til) na pesquisa de texto completo booleana no MySQL não está se comportando como indicado no site do desenvolvedor do MySQL


Embora não haja documentação sobre minha resposta em nenhum lugar, após uma experimentação completa, cheguei a essa conclusão mais lógica -

A presença do operador '+' anula qualquer efeito do operador '~'

Atualizei minha mesa fruits com os seguintes valores - 
SELECT * FROM fruits;
+----+-------------------------+
| id | name                    |
+----+-------------------------+
|  1 | apple orange watermelon |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |
|  3 | apple mango banana      |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  |
|  6 | apple banana kiwi       |
+----+-------------------------+

Pergunta 1:
SELECT id, name FROM fruits
    -> WHERE MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('apple mango ~pomegranate'
    -> IN BOOLEAN MODE);
+----+-------------------------+
| id | name                    |
+----+-------------------------+
|  3 | apple mango banana      |
|  1 | apple orange watermelon |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  |
|  6 | apple banana kiwi       |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  |
+----+-------------------------+

Pergunta 2:
SELECT id, name FROM fruits
    -> WHERE MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('apple ~pomegranate'
    -> IN BOOLEAN MODE);
+----+-------------------------+
| id | name                    |
+----+-------------------------+
|  1 | apple orange watermelon |
|  3 | apple mango banana      |
|  6 | apple banana kiwi       |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |
+----+-------------------------+

Pergunta 3:
SELECT id, name FROM fruits
    -> WHERE MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('mango ~pomegranate'
    -> IN BOOLEAN MODE);
+----+-------------------------+
| id | name                    |
+----+-------------------------+
|  3 | apple mango banana      |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  |
+----+-------------------------+

Aqui, nas consultas 1, 2 e 3 nenhum operador precede os valores apple e mango e ~ operador precede o valor pomegranate . Isso garante que as linhas com a palavra pomegranate são classificados abaixo dos outros.

Pergunta 4:
SELECT id, name FROM fruits
    -> WHERE MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+apple +mango ~pomegranate'
    -> IN BOOLEAN MODE);
+----+-------------------------+
| id | name                    |
+----+-------------------------+
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |
|  3 | apple mango banana      |
+----+-------------------------+

Pergunta 5:
SELECT id, name FROM fruits
    -> WHERE MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+apple ~pomegranate'
    -> IN BOOLEAN MODE);
+----+-------------------------+
| id | name                    |
+----+-------------------------+
|  1 | apple orange watermelon |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |
|  3 | apple mango banana      |
|  6 | apple banana kiwi       |
+----+-------------------------+

Pergunta 6:
SELECT id, name FROM fruits
    -> WHERE MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+mango ~pomegranate'
    -> IN BOOLEAN MODE);
+----+-------------------------+
| id | name                    |
+----+-------------------------+
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |
|  3 | apple mango banana      |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  |
+----+-------------------------+

Aqui, nas consultas 4, 5 e 6 + operador precede os valores apple e mango e ~ operador precede o valor pomegranate . Claramente a presença de + operador anula qualquer efeito de ~ operador.

Pergunta 7:
SELECT id, name FROM fruits
    -> WHERE MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+apple +mango <pomegranate'
    -> IN BOOLEAN MODE);
+----+-------------------------+
| id | name                    |
+----+-------------------------+
|  3 | apple mango banana      |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |
+----+-------------------------+

Pergunta 8:
SELECT id, name FROM fruits
    -> WHERE MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+apple <pomegranate'
    -> IN BOOLEAN MODE);
+----+-------------------------+
| id | name                    |
+----+-------------------------+
|  1 | apple orange watermelon |
|  3 | apple mango banana      |
|  6 | apple banana kiwi       |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |
+----+-------------------------+

Consulta 9:
SELECT id, name FROM fruits
    -> WHERE MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+mango <pomegranate'
    -> IN BOOLEAN MODE);
+----+-------------------------+
| id | name                    |
+----+-------------------------+
|  3 | apple mango banana      |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  |
+----+-------------------------+

Aqui, nas consultas 7, 8 e 9 + operador precede os valores apple e mango e < operador precede o valor pomegranate . Isso garante que as linhas com a palavra pomegranate são classificados abaixo dos outros.

Assim, o que pode ser deduzido daqui é que -se + operador estiver presente, use < operador em vez de ~ operador

ATUALIZAÇÃO

Após um cálculo extensivo, criei a tabela fruits_score_count que mostra a score de cada fruit quando terminar a pesquisa booleana FULLTEXT. 
SELECT * FROM fruits_score_count;
+----+-------------+---------------------+----------------------+
| id | fruit_name  | row_numbers_matched | score                |
+----+-------------+---------------------+----------------------+
|  1 | apple       |                   4 | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  2 | banana      |                   2 |  0.22764469683170319 |
|  3 | guava       |                   1 |   0.6055193543434143 |
|  4 | kiwi        |                   2 |  0.22764469683170319 |
|  5 | mango       |                   4 | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  6 | orange      |                   1 |   0.6055193543434143 |
|  7 | pomegranate |                   2 |  0.22764469683170319 |
|  8 | watermelon  |                   2 |  0.22764469683170319 |
+----+-------------+---------------------+----------------------+

Pergunta 1:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('apple mango ~pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.062016263604164124 |
|  1 | apple orange watermelon | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  6 | apple banana kiwi       | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |  -0.7103390693664551 |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  |  -0.7413471937179565 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+

Pergunta 2:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('apple ~pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  1 | apple orange watermelon | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  6 | apple banana kiwi       | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |  -0.7413471937179565 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+

Pergunta 3:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('mango ~pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |  -0.7413471937179565 |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  |  -0.7413471937179565 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+

Pergunta 4:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+apple +mango ~pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate | 0.062016263604164124 |
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.062016263604164124 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+

Pergunta 5:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+apple ~pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  1 | apple orange watermelon | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  6 | apple banana kiwi       | 0.031008131802082062 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+

Pergunta 6:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+mango ~pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  | 0.031008131802082062 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+

Pergunta 7:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+apple +mango <pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.062016263604164124 |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |  -0.7103390693664551 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+

Pergunta 8:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+apple <pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  1 | apple orange watermelon | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  6 | apple banana kiwi       | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |  -0.7413471937179565 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+

Consulta 9:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+mango <pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |  -0.7413471937179565 |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  |  -0.7413471937179565 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+

Aqui, Consulta 1, Consulta 2, Consulta 3, Consulta 7, Consulta 8, Consulta 9 se comporta conforme o esperado.

Mas da consulta 4, consulta 5, consulta 6 fica claro que -

Na presença de + operador precedendo um valor com o ~ basicamente torna o valor invisível.

Também a observação cuidadosa revela que -

x ~y e +x <y são equivalentes

MAIS EXPERIMENTAÇÕES

Pergunta 1:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+mango apple ~pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.062016263604164124 |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |  -0.7103390693664551 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
  • Linha 1 com id = 3 obtém a pontuação máxima, que é a soma das pontuações de mango e apple .
  • Linha 2 com id = 4 obtém a segunda pontuação máxima, que é a pontuação de mango . Presença de + operador na frente de mango faz ~pomegranate da frase de pesquisa irrelevante.
  • Linha 3 com id = 5 obtém a mesma pontuação da Linha 2. Mas é colocada abaixo da Linha 2 porque quando as pontuações são iguais, as linhas são classificadas em ordem crescente de primary key , aqui id é primary key .
  • Linha 4 com id = 2 obtém a pontuação mais baixa e, portanto, vem por último. Aqui desde a palavra apple está presente e na frase de pesquisa não há + operador precedendo apple , portanto ~pomegranate na frase de pesquisa é levado em consideração, o que reduz significativamente a pontuação.

Pergunta 2:
SELECT id, name, score FROM
    -> (SELECT id, name, MATCH(name) AGAINST
    -> ('+mango apple <pomegranate' IN BOOLEAN MODE)
    -> AS score FROM fruits ORDER BY score DESC)
    -> AS temp WHERE score != 0;
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
| id | name                    | score                |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+
|  3 | apple mango banana      | 0.062016263604164124 |
|  5 | mango guava watermelon  | 0.031008131802082062 |
|  2 | apple mango pomegranate |  -0.7103390693664551 |
|  4 | mango kiwi pomegranate  |  -0.7413471937179565 |
+----+-------------------------+----------------------+

Isso ilustra novamente que < operador tem efeito mesmo na presença de + operador.

Isso reforça ainda mais minha observação anterior de que -

se + operador estiver presente, use < operador em vez de ~ operador