Sintaxe SQL UPDATE – Listado por DBMS

MySQL

UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_reference
    SET col_name1={expr1|DEFAULT} [, col_name2={expr2|DEFAULT}] ...
    [WHERE where_condition]
    [ORDER BY ...]
    [LIMIT row_count]

UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_references
    SET col_name1={expr1|DEFAULT} [, col_name2={expr2|DEFAULT}] ...
    [WHERE where_condition]

SQL Server

[ WITH <common_table_expression> [...n] ]
UPDATE 
    [ TOP ( expression ) [ PERCENT ] ] 
    { { table_alias | <object> | rowset_function_limited 
         [ WITH ( <Table_Hint_Limited> [ ...n ] ) ]
      }
      | @table_variable    
    }
    SET
        { column_name = { expression | DEFAULT | NULL }
          | { udt_column_name.{ { property_name = expression
                                | field_name = expression }
                                | method_name ( argument [ ,...n ] )
                              }
          }
          | column_name { .WRITE ( expression , @Offset , @Length ) }
          | @variable = expression
          | @variable = column = expression
          | column_name { += | -= | *= | /= | %= | &= | ^= | |= } expression
          | @variable { += | -= | *= | /= | %= | &= | ^= | |= } expression
          | @variable = column { += | -= | *= | /= | %= | &= | ^= | |= } expression
        } [ ,...n ] 

    [ <OUTPUT Clause> ]
    [ FROM{ <table_source> } [ ,...n ] ] 
    [ WHERE { <search_condition> 
            | { [ CURRENT OF 
                  { { [ GLOBAL ] cursor_name } 
                      | cursor_variable_name 
                  } 
                ]
              }
            } 
    ] 
    [ OPTION ( <query_hint> [ ,...n ] ) ]
[ ; ]

<object> ::=
{ 
    [ server_name . database_name . schema_name . 
    | database_name .[ schema_name ] . 
    | schema_name .
    ]
    table_or_view_name}

PostgreSQL

[ WITH [ RECURSIVE ] with_query [, ...] ]
UPDATE [ ONLY ] table_name [ * ] [ [ AS ] alias ]
    SET { column_name = { expression | DEFAULT } |
          ( column_name [, ...] ) = ( { expression | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) |
          ( column_name [, ...] ) = ( sub-SELECT )
        } [, ...]
    [ FROM from_list ]
    [ WHERE condition | WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name ]
    [ RETURNING * | output_expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...] ]

Banco de dados Oracle

UPDATE [ hint ]
   { dml_table_expression_clause
   | ONLY (dml_table_expression_clause)
   } [ t_alias ]
   update_set_clause
   [ where_clause ]
   [ returning_clause ]
   [error_logging_clause] ;

 DML_table_expression_clause::=

{ [ schema. ]
  { table
    [ partition_extension_clause
    | @ dblink
    ]
  | { view | materialized view } [ @ dblink ]
  }
| ( subquery [ subquery_restriction_clause ] )
| table_collection_expression
}

partition_extension_clause::=

{ PARTITION (partition)
| PARTITION FOR (partition_key_value [, partition_key_value]...)
| SUBPARTITION (subpartition)
| SUBPARTITION FOR (subpartition_key_value [, subpartition_key_value]...)
}

subquery_restriction_clause ::=

WITH { READ ONLY
     | CHECK OPTION 
     } [ CONSTRAINT constraint ]

table_collection_expression ::=

TABLE (collection_expression) [ (+) ]

update_set_clause ::=

SET
{ { (column [, column ]...) = (subquery)
  | column = { expr | (subquery) | DEFAULT }
  }
     [, { (column [, column]...) = (subquery)
        | column = { expr | (subquery) | DEFAULT }
        }
     ]...
| VALUE (t_alias) = { expr | (subquery) }
}

where_clause ::=

WHERE condition

returning_clause::=

{ RETURN | RETURNING } expr [, expr ]...
INTO data_item [, data_item ]...

error_logging_clause::=

LOG ERRORS 
  [ INTO [schema.] table ]
  [ (simple_expression) ]
  [ REJECT LIMIT { integer | UNLIMITED } ]

Sobre a UPDATE Declaração