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Tamanho de memória permitido de 8589934592 bytes esgotado

Allowed memory size of 8589934592 bytes exhausted

Esse tipo de erro é causado por uma grande quantidade de dados na memória, então a maneira de corrigi-lo é escrever um script de memória menos pesado. Ao alterar memory_limit só obtemos uma correção temporária porque quando nossos dados crescem, eles voltam.
    $campaigns = Campaign::all(); //at this point you are pulling the whole Campaigns table to memory.. and you pull some extra rows after that increasing even more the memory use

Como eu disse, o Elloquent é pouco eficiente fazendo esse tipo de tarefa, então vamos buscar as linhas do banco de dados como o mysqli costumava fazer, uma por uma:
  $db = DB::connection()->getPdo(); //get a database connection instance

  $main_query_sql = "SELECT * FROM Campaigns"; //write our query 
  $main_query = $db->prepare($main_query_sql); //prepare it to get executed
  $main_query->execute(); //execute our query


  $visits_denied_sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) as total FROM VISITS WHERE DENIED = 1 AND CAMPAIGN_ID ="; //let's prepare our aggregate queries

  $visits_allowed_sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) as total FROM VISITS WHERE DENIED = 0 AND CAMPAIGN_ID ="; //I just assumed them so change it as you need

  $visits_denied = null;
  $visits_allowed = null;

  while($campaign = $main_query->fetch()){ //fetch our rows one by one
      //now we are getting an associative array from the db instead of a model so we cannot use it as a Laravel Model (we can't use ->save() method or eager loading)
      $visits_denied = $db->prepare($visits_denied_sql.$campaign['id']);
      $visits_denied = $visits_denied->execute();
      $denied_visits = $visits_denied->fetch();

      $visits_allowed= $db->prepare($visits_allowed_sql.$campaign['id']);
      $visits_allowed= $visits_allowed->execute();
      $allowed_visits = $visits_allowed->fetch();

      $campaign['denied_visits'] = $denied_visits['total'];
      $campaign['allowed_visits'] = $allowed_visits['total'] ;

      //edit with the correct update sentence:
      $insert_query_sql = "UPDATE CAMPAIGNS SET allowed_visits = :visits_allowed, denied_visits = :visits_denied WHERE id = :id";
        $insert_query = $db->prepare($insert_query_sql);
        $insert_query->bindParam(':visits_allowed', $campaign['allowed_visits']);
        $insert_query->bindParam(':visits_denied', $campaign['denied_visits']);
        $insert_query->bindParam(':id', $campaign['id']);
        $insert_query->execute();

  }

Tente isso dentro da sua agenda e me diga se funcionou!