Você pode usar
ROW_NUMBER
função analítica e correlacionar a exclusão usando o ROWID
pseudo-coluna:DELETE FROM my_table
WHERE ROWID IN (
SELECT ROWID
FROM (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
PARTITION BY student_id, subject_id, class_id
ORDER BY expertise_lvl DESC
) AS rn
FROM my_table
)
WHERE rn > 1
)
db<>fiddle aqui