Você pode unnest() matrizes, por exemplo:
select id, jsonb_object_agg(tag, count) as tags
from (
select id, unnest(string_to_array(tags, ']')) as tag, count(*)
from my_table
group by 1, 2
) s
group by 1
order by 1
Db<>fiddle.
select id, jsonb_object_agg(tag, count) as tags
from (
select id, unnest(string_to_array(tags, ']')) as tag, count(*)
from my_table
group by 1, 2
) s
group by 1
order by 1