Vetor de geometria ST_HexagonGrid para encontrar todos os pontos

As unidades SRID 3857 são [muito aproximadamente] metros, e usar essa projeção criará células hexadecimais que "parecem corretas" em um mapa da web (a maioria usa uma projeção de mercator da web).

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION generate_hexgrid(width float, xmin float, ymin float, xmax float, ymax float, srid int default 3857)
RETURNS TABLE(gid text,geom geometry(Polygon)) AS $$
DECLARE
  b float := width / 2;
  a float := tan(radians(30)) * b;
  c float := 2 * a;
  height float := 2 * (a + c);
  index_xmin int := floor(xmin / width);
  index_ymin int := floor(ymin / height);
  index_xmax int := ceil(xmax / width);
  index_ymax int := ceil(ymax / height);
  snap_xmin float := index_xmin * width;
  snap_ymin float := index_ymin * height;
  snap_xmax float := index_xmax * width;
  snap_ymax float := index_ymax * height;
  ncol int := abs(index_xmax - index_xmin);
  nrow int := abs(index_ymax - index_ymin);
  polygon_string varchar := 
    'POLYGON((' || 0 || ' ' || 0 || ' , ' || b || ' ' || a || ' , ' ||
    b || ' ' || a + c || ' , ' || 0 || ' ' || a + c + a || ' , ' ||
    -1 * b || ' ' || a + c || ' , ' || -1 * b || ' ' || a || ' , ' ||
    0 || ' ' || 0 ||'))';
BEGIN
  RETURN QUERY
  SELECT 
    format('%s %s %s', width,
    x_offset + (1 * x_series + index_xmin),
    y_offset + (2 * y_series + index_ymin)),
    ST_SetSRID(ST_Translate(two_hex.geom,
    x_series * width + snap_xmin,
    y_series * height + snap_ymin), srid)
  FROM  generate_series(0, ncol, 1) AS x_series,
        generate_series(0, nrow, 1) AS y_series,
    (SELECT 0 AS x_offset, 0 AS y_offset, polygon_string::geometry AS geom
     UNION
     SELECT 0 AS x_offset, 1 AS y_offset, ST_Translate(polygon_string::geometry, b , a + c)  AS geom
    ) AS two_hex;
END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

CREATE TABLE usa_hex AS
WITH j AS (
SELECT ST_Transform((hex).geom,4326) AS hex FROM ( 
  SELECT 
  generate_hexgrid(
    80467,
    ST_XMin(ST_Extent(ST_Transform(geom,3857))) ,
    ST_YMin(ST_Extent(ST_Transform(geom,3857))) ,
    ST_XMax(ST_Extent(ST_Transform(geom,3857))) ,
    ST_YMax(ST_Extent(ST_Transform(geom,3857))) ) AS hex
FROM usa)i) 
SELECT j.hex FROM j,usa
WHERE ST_Intersects(usa.geom,j.hex);

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION generate_hexagons(width FLOAT, bbox BOX2D, srid INTEGER DEFAULT 4326)
RETURNS TABLE (gid INTEGER, hexagon GEOMETRY) AS $$
DECLARE
  b FLOAT := width/2;
  a FLOAT := b/2;
  c FLOAT := 2*a;
  height FLOAT := 2*a+c;
  ncol FLOAT := ceil(abs(ST_Xmax(bbox)-ST_Xmin(bbox))/width);
  nrow FLOAT := ceil(abs(ST_Ymax(bbox)-ST_Ymin(bbox))/height);
  polygon_string VARCHAR := 'POLYGON((' || 
    0 || ' ' || 0 || ' , ' || b || ' ' || a || ' , ' || b || ' ' || a+c || ' , ' || 0 || ' ' || a+c+a || ' , ' ||
   -1*b || ' ' || a+c || ' , ' || -1*b || ' ' || a || ' , ' || 0 || ' ' || 0 || '))';
BEGIN    
  RETURN QUERY 
  SELECT 
    row_number() OVER ()::INTEGER,
    ST_SetSRID(
      ST_Translate(geom, x_series*(2*a+c)+ST_Xmin(bbox), y_series*(2*(c+a))+ST_Ymin(bbox)),srid)
  FROM generate_series(0, ncol::INTEGER, 1) AS x_series,
       generate_series(0, nrow::INTEGER,1 ) AS y_series,
       (SELECT polygon_string::GEOMETRY AS geom
        UNION
        SELECT ST_Translate(polygon_string::GEOMETRY, b, a + c) AS geom) AS two_hex;    
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

WITH j (hex_rec) AS (
  SELECT generate_hexagons(3.0,ST_Extent(geom)) 
  FROM usa
)
SELECT (hex_rec).gid,(hex_rec).hexagon FROM j, usa 
WHERE ST_Intersects(usa.geom,(hex_rec).hexagon);

• ST_Extent
• ST_Intersects