Conforme documentado em Funções de comparação de strings :
Portanto:
SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `field` LIKE '%\\\\u0435\\\\u0442\\\\u043e\\\\u0442%'
Veja em sqlfiddle .
SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `field` LIKE '%\\\\u0435\\\\u0442\\\\u043e\\\\u0442%'
